Project leader: P. Brémond (UMR G-EAU)

Contact: pauline.bremond@inrae.fr;

Partners: UMR G-EAU, UMR Innovation

Description: The project aims to develop a methodology for observing and then modelling, over the long term, the trajectories of agricultural activities subject to a "climatic" regime composed of extremes (flooding, marine submersions, drought), potentially changing, by also integrating other so-called "global" changes (economic, regulatory conditions, etc.) Particular attention will be paid to all the strategies implemented by the activities as well as to the monitoring of key characteristics. The interest in relying on these tools is twofold:

1. A framing of the observation
2. Production of vulnerability indicators (e.g. estimation of potential damage to the activity in the event of an extreme event) and resilience indicators (e.g. risk of bankruptcy of the activity in the event of an extreme event).

Objective: To develop a framework for observing the trajectories of economic activities of an agricultural nature by having :

• Implemented the framework for wine-growing farms (cooperative or independent) and market gardening farms;
• Defined the hybridization strategies between data collected at an individual level and data from third-party databases;
• Defined indicators for monitoring "vulnerability" and "resilience";
• Set up observational monitoring of a few activities of each of the target types.

Long-term scientific challenge:

• To develop a database on the scale of economic activities of an agricultural nature and their trajectories, over a period of about 15 years, in the target territory of so-ii (see map);
• To analyse the adaptation of the activities monitored, particularly in relation to the occurrence of extreme events but also to changes in the environment;
• To propose an observation tool that can be used in other territories, in France or internationally;
• Contribute to the observation of trajectories for activities that are not agricultural in nature.

Leaders: P. Licznar-Fajardo & E. Jumas-Bilak (HSM)

Contact: patricia.licznar-fajardo@umontpellier.fr;

Partners: PHySE team and HYTAKE team (HSM Laboratory), ESOR team (Espace Dev Laboratory)

Description: Initiate a monitoring system on a territorial scale to assess the risks of antibiotic resistance (ATBR) in drinking water, then study the feasibility of this system on a national scale.

Objective: To initiate a monitoring system to assess the rate of resistance in populations of faecal bacteria accidentally contaminating drinking water and to propose possible remedies. The first objective is to quantify the rate of RBTAs presenting a critical and/or emerging risk to human health and then to qualify the resistance mode of enterobacteria and enterococci in the distribution waters of the Workshop Zone. The second objective is to map this information in order to link it to natural abiotic environmental parameters or human occupation of the territories.

Long-term scientific challenge: To propose a roadmap for the deployment of a national monitoring network based on the existing national network of regulatory analyses of water potability. The results will be valorised by an international publication and by the presentation of the results not only to the ARS for a national deployment but also to the ANSES in order to support the taking into account of the environment in the global fight against RBTA.

Project leaders: F. Vinatier & J-S. Bailly (LISAH), J. Demarty (HSM), J-M. Limousin (CEFE)

Contact: fabrice.vinatier@inrae.fr

Partners: ABSys, CEFE, G-EAU, HSM, Innovation, ITAP, LISAH

Description: Implementation of biophysical modelling approaches to describe the energy, water and carbon balances of agro-ecosystems, the interaction mechanisms between ecosystems and agro-ecosystems, and the impact of adaptation measures in order to study and anticipate the effects of aridification in the medium term on Mediterranean landscapes

Objective: The consortium wishes to mobilise observation and modelling to study in detail the indicators impacting the main agroecosystems, the effectiveness of adaptation or mitigation measures and the interactions between ecosystems and agroecosystems as a lever for mitigating the impact of aridification.  These aspects will be addressed through:

• Regular assessments, supported by field surveys, of the issues related to aridification of agroecosystems: this phase will notably prefigure the outline of the Workshop Site in terms of scientific actors and non-academic partners.
• The establishment of spatially explicit, fine-resolution climate scenarios (present and future), multi-faceted drought indicators derived from modelling (empirical or process) or remote sensing (VARI, EVI, NDVI, SMI, FMC), and relevant field measurements to study and anticipate the effects of aridification in the short and medium term on agroecosystems.
• Simulations based on spatially explicit ecohydrological models, which are the only tools capable of projecting the effects of aridification and changes in practices from a quantitative standpoint.

These tools must be capable of integrating the topo-climatic and edaphic heterogeneities of the environment, the variability of cover and species and their water use strategies, as well as the lateral surface and deep flows governing exchanges between the different elements of the landscape.

Long-term scientific issue: this project also aims to embrace other major issues and to include new partners, notably in the following areas: i) contamination of terrestrial and aquatic waters and ecosystems by agricultural inputs, ii) territorial dynamics: urbanisation, multiplicity of agricultural models, and iii) study of the effects of hydroclimatic extremes on agro- and ecosystems.